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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Stretch-activated ion channel ： ウィキペディア英語版 Stretch-activated ion channel Stretch-activated or stretch-gated ion channels are ion channels which open their pores in response to mechanical deformation of a neuron's plasma membrane. Also see mechanosensitive ion channels and mechanosensitive channels, with which they may be synonymous. Opening of the ion channels depolarizes the afferent neuron producing an action potential with sufficient depolarization.〔 Channels open in response to two different mechanisms: the prokaryotic model and the mammalian hair cell model.〔〔 Stretch-activated ion channels have been shown to detect vibration, pressure, stretch, touch, sounds, tastes, smell, heat, volume, and vision.〔〔〔 Stretch-activated ion channels have been categorized into three distinct "superfamilies": the ENaC/DEG family, the TRP family, and the K1 selective family. These channels are involved with bodily functions such as blood pressure regulation.〔 They are shown to be associated with many cardiovascular diseases.〔 Stretch-activated channels were first observed in chick skeletal muscles by Falguni Guharay and Frederick Sachs in 1983 and the results were published in 1984. Since then stretch-activated channels have been found in cells from bacteria to humans as well as plants. ==Definition== Stretch-activated ion channels are mechanotransducers which conduct ionic currents by responding to stress in the cell membrane. To be identified as stretch-activated, the ion channel must open and close in response to membrane tension.Mechanotransduction, an electrical signal resulting from a mechanical stimulus, occurs via the opening of stretch-activated ion channels due to membrane deformation. The opening of these channels results in a non-specific ionic flow, which depolarizes the afferent nerve fiber, and may produce action potentials with sufficient depolarization. The opening of these channels is central to a neuron’s response to pressure, often osmotic pressure and blood pressure, to regulate ionic flow in internal environments. There are two mechanisms for which these channels open. The prokaryotic model suggests that stretch-activated channels open directly in response to force to the membrane, whereas the mammalian hair cell model involves a tether bound both to the channel and to the extracellular matrix or cytoskeleton. Force on the membrane then displaces the tether, creating tension which opens the channel.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Stretch-activated ion channel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.